Geodist database1/5/2024 Ignoring spillover effects between countries can lead to biased estimates of policy effects and suboptimal decision making. When evaluating the effect of an education policy, it is worth considering both local effects of the policy and its spillover effects on other countries. Countries look towards each other to identify ways that improve the quality of their education systems. National education reforms do not occur in isolation. These fast growing services accounted for 33% of the total value added in 2007 (twice as much as the manufacturing sector) and 20% of the overall employment (14% for the manufacturing sector). These services (also called “complementary services” by Katouzian (1970)), have been growing much faster than the manufacturing sector, and much faster than the other service sectors (wholesale/retail, hotels and restaurant services). It shows that the professional service industries (Real estate/renting/business services and financial intermediation) are the main contributors to the growth of the French economy. Figure IV.9 plots the evolution of value added and employment in France between 19. Services are increasingly important in today’s knowledge based economies, are a crucial component of economic growth and contribute to the competitiveness of the industrial sector (Nord ås and Kim, 2013). More than two thirds of employment and value added is generated by the service sector in OECD countries. Today’s developed economies are often described as service economies. Our research adds novel insights and findings on the role of digital platforms in international business. Through this research, we enrich the attention-based view literature by not only examining different dimensions of attention but also investigating the interactions between different attention allocation directions. The positive impact of DPA intensity and the negative effect of DPA scope on international sales are both weakened when MNEs have geographically remote subsidiaries. Our results suggest that MNEs with more intensive and persistent DPA are more effective in reaching global customers and achieving better international sales, whereas MNEs with a more diversified (i.e., scattered) DPA scope suffer from constrained international sales. Building on the attention-based view, this study explores the impacts of three distinct dimensions of DPA: intensity, persistence, and scope. In this study, we examine the overall time and effort spent by MNEs to develop and operate digital platforms, which we call digital platform attention (DPA). Multinational enterprises (MNEs) devote substantial efforts to deploying and maintaining digital platforms. Digital platforms, which play increasingly important roles in today’s digitally connected world, are technologically complex and financially costly undertakings.
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